{"id":19813,"date":"2014-06-29T09:20:07","date_gmt":"2014-06-29T09:20:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/aprenda\/gestao-do-sangue-dos-doentes-para-profissionais-de-saude\/"},"modified":"2024-03-28T07:03:55","modified_gmt":"2024-03-28T07:03:55","slug":"gestao-do-sangue-dos-doentes-para-profissionais-de-saude","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/aprenda\/gestao-do-sangue-dos-doentes-para-profissionais-de-saude\/","title":{"rendered":"Gest\u00e3o do sangue dos doentes para profissionais de sa\u00fade"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gest\u00e3o do sangue dos doentes para profissionais de sa\u00fade<\/h1>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group sidebar-navigation-layout is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-top about is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top about-navigation is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-column-is-layout-8c890d92 wp-block-column-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\"><nav class=\"is-vertical sidebar-navigation wp-block-navigation is-layout-flex wp-container-core-navigation-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-navigation-is-layout-flex\" aria-label=\"Navega\u00e7\u00e3o na barra lateral\"><ul class=\"wp-block-navigation__container  is-vertical sidebar-navigation wp-block-navigation\"><li data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;submenuOpenedBy&quot;: { &quot;click&quot;: false, &quot;hover&quot;: false, &quot;focus&quot;: false }, &quot;type&quot;: &quot;submenu&quot;, &quot;modal&quot;: null }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-on-async--mouseenter=\"actions.openMenuOnHover\" data-wp-on-async--mouseleave=\"actions.closeMenuOnHover\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-child open-on-hover-click sidebar-navigation__learn wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/\" title=\"Learn about IFPBM\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Aprenda<\/span><\/a><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on-async--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Submenu de Aprenda\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\" ><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><ul data-wp-on-async--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container sidebar-navigation__learn wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;submenuOpenedBy&quot;: { &quot;click&quot;: false, &quot;hover&quot;: false, &quot;focus&quot;: false }, &quot;type&quot;: &quot;submenu&quot;, &quot;modal&quot;: null }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-on-async--mouseenter=\"actions.openMenuOnHover\" data-wp-on-async--mouseleave=\"actions.closeMenuOnHover\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-child open-on-hover-click wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/what-is-patient-blood-management\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">O que \u00e9 PBM?<\/span><\/a><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on-async--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Submenu de O que \u00e9 PBM?\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\" ><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><ul data-wp-on-async--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/the-history-of-patient-blood-management\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Hist\u00f3ria da PBM<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;submenuOpenedBy&quot;: { &quot;click&quot;: false, &quot;hover&quot;: false, &quot;focus&quot;: false }, &quot;type&quot;: &quot;submenu&quot;, &quot;modal&quot;: null }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-on-async--mouseenter=\"actions.openMenuOnHover\" data-wp-on-async--mouseleave=\"actions.closeMenuOnHover\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-child open-on-hover-click wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/patient-advice\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Conselhos aos doentes<\/span><\/a><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on-async--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Submenu de Conselhos aos doentes\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\" ><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><ul data-wp-on-async--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/patient-advice\/why-your-blood-is-important\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Import\u00e2ncia do sangue<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/patient-advice\/what-your-doctor-should-tell-you\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">O que o seu m\u00e9dico lhe deve dizer<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/patient-advice\/how-to-manage-the-doctor-patient-relationship\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Rela\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dico\/paciente<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/patient-advice\/two-simple-questions-to-ask-your-doctor\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">3 perguntas simples para fazer ao seu m\u00e9dico<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;submenuOpenedBy&quot;: { &quot;click&quot;: false, &quot;hover&quot;: false, &quot;focus&quot;: false }, &quot;type&quot;: &quot;submenu&quot;, &quot;modal&quot;: null }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-on-async--mouseenter=\"actions.openMenuOnHover\" data-wp-on-async--mouseleave=\"actions.closeMenuOnHover\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-child open-on-hover-click wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/patient-blood-management-for-clinicians\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">PBM &#8211; Profissionais de sa\u00fade<\/span><\/a><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on-async--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Submenu de PBM - Profissionais de sa\u00fade\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\" ><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><ul data-wp-on-async--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/patient-blood-management-for-clinicians\/patient-blood-management-how-ifpbm-can-support-you\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Como o IFPBM pode apoi\u00e1-lo<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/patient-blood-management-for-clinicians\/what-you-should-know-about-pbm\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Saiba mais sobre o PBM<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/ifpbm.org\/about\/contribute-to-ifpbm-research\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;submenuOpenedBy&quot;: { &quot;click&quot;: false, &quot;hover&quot;: false, &quot;focus&quot;: false }, &quot;type&quot;: &quot;submenu&quot;, &quot;modal&quot;: null }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-on-async--mouseenter=\"actions.openMenuOnHover\" data-wp-on-async--mouseleave=\"actions.closeMenuOnHover\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-child open-on-hover-click sidebar-navigation__resources wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/ifpbm-professional-resources\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Recursos profissionais do IFPBM<\/span><\/a><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on-async--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Submenu de Recursos profissionais do IFPBM\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\" ><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><ul data-wp-on-async--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container sidebar-navigation__resources wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/r\/articles\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Artigos<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/r\/videos\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">V\u00eddeos<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/r\/textbooks\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Livros did\u00e1cticos<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/r\/guidelines\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Directrizes<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/r\/conferences\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Confer\u00eancias<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/speakers\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Altifalantes<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/r\/links\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Liga\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;submenuOpenedBy&quot;: { &quot;click&quot;: false, &quot;hover&quot;: false, &quot;focus&quot;: false }, &quot;type&quot;: &quot;submenu&quot;, &quot;modal&quot;: null }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-on-async--mouseenter=\"actions.openMenuOnHover\" data-wp-on-async--mouseleave=\"actions.closeMenuOnHover\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-child open-on-hover-click sidebar-navigation__about wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/ifpbm.org\/about\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Sobre<\/span><\/a><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on-async--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Submenu de Sobre\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\" ><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><ul data-wp-on-async--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container sidebar-navigation__about wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;submenuOpenedBy&quot;: { &quot;click&quot;: false, &quot;hover&quot;: false, &quot;focus&quot;: false }, &quot;type&quot;: &quot;submenu&quot;, &quot;modal&quot;: null }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-on-async--mouseenter=\"actions.openMenuOnHover\" data-wp-on-async--mouseleave=\"actions.closeMenuOnHover\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-child open-on-hover-click wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/ifpbm.org\/board-trustees\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Conselho de Administra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on-async--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Submenu de Conselho de Administra\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\" ><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><ul data-wp-on-async--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/ifpbm.org\/hans-gombotz\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Prof. Dr. Hans Gombotz<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/ifpbm.org\/scientific-associates\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Associados cient\u00edficos<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/ifpbm.org\/about\/contact-us\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Contacte-nos<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/ifpbm.org\/about\/network-with-ifpbm\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Rede<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/ifpbm-professional-resources\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Apoio \/ Colabora\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/ifpbm.org\/donate\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Doar<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:80%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/clinicians_960x400.jpg\" alt=\"profissionais de sa&#xFA;de\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>O Patient Blood Management oferece aos profissionais de sa\u00fade uma nova ferramenta para ajudar a melhorar os resultados dos doentes. A International Foundation for Patient Blood Management capacita os profissionais de sa\u00fade com os mais recentes conhecimentos, investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es.<span style=\"color: #000000;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;line-height: 18px\"><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-spacer aligncenter kt-block-spacer-_365cd3-03\"><div class=\"kt-block-spacer kt-block-spacer-halign-center\"><hr class=\"kt-divider\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color\">Porqu\u00ea a mudan\u00e7a de uma focaliza\u00e7\u00e3o no produto para uma focaliza\u00e7\u00e3o no doente?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Com o desenvolvimento da transfus\u00e3o de sangue alog\u00e9nico durante o s\u00e9culo XX, os doentes com hemorragias maci\u00e7as sobrevivem, foram poss\u00edveis grandes avan\u00e7os cir\u00fargicos, os hemof\u00edlicos vivem mais tempo e melhor e \u00e9 poss\u00edvel sobreviver \u00e0 insufici\u00eancia da medula \u00f3ssea causada por doen\u00e7a ou quimioterapia supressora da medula \u00f3ssea. Ent\u00e3o, qual \u00e9 o problema? Cada vez mais, a opini\u00e3o de muitos profissionais de sa\u00fade \u00e9 que <strong>a medicina transfusional se tem concentrado excessivamente no lado da oferta de componentes sangu\u00edneos em vez de se centrar na perspetiva da procura\/doente\/problema<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O foco cl\u00ednico \u00e9 &#8220;o que \u00e9 melhor para o doente?&#8221; e n\u00e3o &#8220;o que \u00e9 melhor para o fornecimento de sangue?&#8221; N\u00e3o se trata de negar a import\u00e2ncia das m\u00faltiplas quest\u00f5es e desafios que se colocam ao fornecimento de um abastecimento de sangue adequado e seguro, mas sim de garantir que o cavalo est\u00e1 \u00e0 frente da carro\u00e7a, disposto e capaz de responder \u00e0s necessidades dos doentes, com a cadeia de abastecimento de sangue a responder adequadamente \u00e0s necessidades cl\u00ednicas dos doentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A transfus\u00e3o de sangue alog\u00e9nico \u00e9 uma terapia de suporte e pode ser administrada para controlar os efeitos de uma defici\u00eancia hematopoi\u00e9tica ou para prevenir problemas associados \u00e0 mesma. A transfus\u00e3o alog\u00e9nica, particularmente no contexto perioperat\u00f3rio, n\u00e3o deve ser considerada como a primeira linha de terapia para doentes com defeitos hemopoi\u00e9ticos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Na maioria dos doentes \u00e9 poss\u00edvel minimizar ou evitar a necessidade de componentes sangu\u00edneos alog\u00e9nicos atrav\u00e9s da corre\u00e7\u00e3o ou gest\u00e3o dos efeitos das defici\u00eancias do sistema hematopoi\u00e9tico.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9 evidente que, se o sangue alog\u00e9nico puder ser evitado, os potenciais riscos n\u00e3o precisam de ser considerados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Os benef\u00edcios da transfus\u00e3o t\u00eam sido assumidos em muitas circunst\u00e2ncias cl\u00ednicas e \u00e9 preocupante pensar que, quando n\u00e3o h\u00e1 provas que sustentem o benef\u00edcio da transfus\u00e3o, um doente est\u00e1 desnecessariamente exposto a uma morbilidade potencialmente importante ou mesmo \u00e0 mortalidade. O processo de decis\u00e3o para a terap\u00eautica com componentes sangu\u00edneos pode ser um desafio e continua a haver muito debate em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s indica\u00e7\u00f5es para a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de v\u00e1rios componentes sangu\u00edneos alog\u00e9nicos. No entanto, h\u00e1 boas raz\u00f5es cient\u00edficas e de bom senso para adotar uma posi\u00e7\u00e3o por defeito de n\u00e3o transfus\u00e3o quando n\u00e3o h\u00e1 provas de um potencial benef\u00edcio ou incerteza cl\u00ednica.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color\">Porque \u00e9 que a gest\u00e3o do sangue dos doentes \u00e9 t\u00e3o importante?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A anemia, a hemorragia grave e as transfus\u00f5es de sangue s\u00e3o tr\u00eas factores de risco independentes para os resultados adversos dos doentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color\"><strong>A PBM aborda a qualidade e a seguran\u00e7a dos pacientes e alcan\u00e7a resultados cl\u00ednicos \u00f3ptimos para os pacientes.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A anemia \u00e9 um problema global e, em 2010, foi respons\u00e1vel por 8,8% da incapacidade total do mundo devido a todas as doen\u00e7as, sendo a anemia por defici\u00eancia de ferro a fisiopatologia mais comum.  <a class=\"jcepopup noicon\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24297872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-mediabox-width=\"600\" data-mediabox-height=\"600\">(Artigo: Uma an\u00e1lise sistem\u00e1tica do peso global da anemia de 1990 a 2010).<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>H\u00e1 fortes ind\u00edcios de que a anemia \u00e9 um fator de risco independente para o aumento da transfus\u00e3o de sangue e para resultados cl\u00ednicos adversos<\/strong>, especialmente no contexto cir\u00fargico, incluindo maior mortalidade e morbilidade (por exemplo, eventos card\u00edacos, respirat\u00f3rios, renais, feridas, s\u00e9psis e tromboembolismo venoso). Al\u00e9m disso, a transfus\u00e3o de sangue est\u00e1 associada a um aumento do tempo de internamento hospitalar, \u00e0 admiss\u00e3o p\u00f3s-operat\u00f3ria nos cuidados intensivos e ao aumento dos custos de sa\u00fade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Estes efeitos adversos s\u00e3o provavelmente atribu\u00edveis \u00e0 imunomodula\u00e7\u00e3o relacionada com a transfus\u00e3o (TRIM) e devem ser considerados juntamente com outros riscos imunol\u00f3gicos da transfus\u00e3o, como as reac\u00e7\u00f5es imunol\u00f3gicas imediatas e retardadas. Os potenciais impactos da recolha, preserva\u00e7\u00e3o e armazenamento de componentes sangu\u00edneos l\u00e1beis s\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m um potencial fator causal que contribui para resultados cl\u00ednicos adversos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9 um desafio definir e captar todas as reac\u00e7\u00f5es cl\u00ednicas associadas \u00e0 transfus\u00e3o nos actuais sistemas de hemovigil\u00e2ncia. Os programas de hemovigil\u00e2ncia centram-se em resultados adversos em que a causalidade determin\u00edstica pode ser confirmada, ou seja, existe uma rela\u00e7\u00e3o 1:1 entre a transfus\u00e3o e o perigo resultante. Em contraste com os resultados adversos acima referidos, a causalidade \u00e9 probabil\u00edstica e a transfus\u00e3o \u00e9 um fator de risco identificado em estudos epidemiol\u00f3gicos observacionais de popula\u00e7\u00f5es espec\u00edficas de doentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>No entanto, no futuro, poder\u00e1 haver a possibilidade de associar dados sobre a incid\u00eancia de resultados adversos associados aos cuidados de sa\u00fade a dados sobre transfus\u00f5es e hemovigil\u00e2ncia. Essa comunica\u00e7\u00e3o poder\u00e1 impulsionar e facilitar uma implementa\u00e7\u00e3o mais alargada e abrangente da PBM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Est\u00e1 bem documentado nas directrizes australianas de PBM que a anemia \u00e9 uma contraindica\u00e7\u00e3o para a cirurgia electiva, mas os estudos de auditoria identificam que em muitos doentes cir\u00fargicos a anemia n\u00e3o \u00e9 corrigida, aumentando a probabilidade de transfus\u00e3o de sangue, prejudicando os resultados cl\u00ednicos \u00f3ptimos e aumentando os custos de sa\u00fade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color\"><strong>Identificar e diagnosticar a anemia no contexto de uma cirurgia electiva deveria ser um aspeto evidente dos cuidados perioperat\u00f3rios dos doentes.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, a hemorragia mal controlada e gerida, bem como a perda desnecess\u00e1ria e excessiva de amostras de sangue iatrog\u00e9nico s\u00e3o preditores independentes de anemia e de resultados adversos. \u00c9 evidente que as altera\u00e7\u00f5es da pr\u00e1tica cl\u00ednica permitiriam atenuar estes riscos, otimizar os resultados para os doentes e melhorar a sua seguran\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A transfus\u00e3o de sangue alog\u00e9nico foi introduzida na medicina cl\u00ednica com benef\u00edcios e riscos assumidos como m\u00ednimos. A transfus\u00e3o de sangue alog\u00e9nico \u00e9 uma das interven\u00e7\u00f5es terap\u00eauticas mais comuns em doentes hospitalizados. Durante muitas d\u00e9cadas, a transfus\u00e3o de sangue foi culturalmente incorporada na pr\u00e1tica cl\u00ednica como o tratamento por defeito para a perda de sangue e a anemia. No entanto, esta pr\u00e1tica tem sido posta em causa nos \u00faltimos anos com a acumula\u00e7\u00e3o de provas que demonstram que a transfus\u00e3o, particularmente em doentes hemodinamicamente est\u00e1veis, \u00e9 um fator de risco adicional independente para resultados adversos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color\"><strong>Esta base de evid\u00eancias em expans\u00e3o, proveniente de ensaios observacionais e aleatorizados controlados de protocolos transfusionais restritivos, tornou-se um fator importante e urgente para mudar a gest\u00e3o cl\u00ednica da anemia e da hemorragia de um foco no produto para um foco no doente.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Um princ\u00edpio b\u00e1sico e fundamental da medicina moderna dita que se d\u00ea prioridade e se aborde o problema cl\u00ednico de um doente em vez de se optar preventivamente por uma terapia que pode ou n\u00e3o ser adequada. Embora um diagn\u00f3stico exato do problema do doente e uma an\u00e1lise do risco\/benef\u00edcio das op\u00e7\u00f5es de tratamento cl\u00ednico sejam uma condi\u00e7\u00e3o sine qua non da medicina moderna, no caso da transfus\u00e3o sangu\u00ednea, tal n\u00e3o tem sido habitualmente o caso no tratamento da anemia e da hemorragia.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id_5e320d-7e alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column_818962-79\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" id=\"favimagehover-text\"><strong>Se j\u00e1 tem conhecimento da Gest\u00e3o do Sangue dos Doentes, descubra como a Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Internacional para a Gest\u00e3o do Sangue dos Doentes o pode apoiar.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns_8fae37-98\"><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn_d6f0f2-90 kt-btn-size-large kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-inherit kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-button__link wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"\/learn\/patient-blood-management-for-clinicians\/patient-blood-management-how-ifpbm-can-support-you\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">I Know PBM<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column_2bfa0f-ff\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>A Gest\u00e3o do Sangue do Doente consiste em gerir eficazmente o sangue do pr\u00f3prio doente. Descubra por que raz\u00e3o est\u00e1 a tornar-se rapidamente a melhor pr\u00e1tica em todo o mundo.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns_64e388-66\"><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn_fb543e-d8 kt-btn-size-large kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-inherit kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-button__link wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/learn\/patient-blood-management-for-clinicians\/what-you-should-know-about-pbm\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">I Don&#8217;t Know PBM<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gest\u00e3o do sangue dos doentes para profissionais de sa\u00fade O Patient Blood Management oferece aos profissionais de sa\u00fade uma nova ferramenta para ajudar a melhorar os resultados dos doentes. A International Foundation for Patient Blood Management capacita os profissionais de sa\u00fade com os mais recentes conhecimentos, investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es. Porqu\u00ea a mudan\u00e7a de uma focaliza\u00e7\u00e3o <a href=\"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/aprenda\/gestao-do-sangue-dos-doentes-para-profissionais-de-saude\/\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":19123,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-19813","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19813","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19813"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19813\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19816,"href":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19813\/revisions\/19816"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/patientbloodmanagement.org\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19813"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}